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[technology] prevention and control of foot and mouth disease should also be paid attention to in spring and summer
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Release time：2019-07-26 11:32:07
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Basic summary
As we all know, foot and mouth disease is an acute, hot and highly contagious disease of cloven hoofed animals caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus. It often occurs in winter and spring in cold season.
It mainly attacks cloven hoofed animals. The clinical diagnosis is characterized by blisters in oral mucosa, hoof and breast skin. Occasionally it can infect people.
The disease is an acute and severe infectious disease. It spreads rapidly and spreads violently. It is easy to occur in piglets and pigs that have not been vaccinated. It can cause 100% morbidity and high mortality to piglets.
The disease of pregnant sows can cause abortion and even death
Popular features
The incubation period of this disease is generally 2-5 days, and the short-term incubation period is 18-20 hours. Foot and mouth disease virus mainly affects cloven hoofed animals, and the susceptibility of pigs is second only to cattle. Infected pigs and infected pigs are the main sources of infection, especially in the early stage of the disease.
The disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact. FMDV is resistant to alcohol, chloroform and other fat soluble chemicals. It is sensitive to acid-base action, and can be used as disinfectant such as peracetic acid, caustic soda and formaldehyde.
Clinical symptoms
Foot and mouth disease is mainly characterized by the formation of blisters, ulcers and other foot-and-mouth sores on the skin type mucosa and the skin with little or no hair.
Specific for the initial sick pig fever, body temperature rise to 40 ~ 41 ℃, loss of appetite or loss of energy, the bottom of the pig hoof or hoof crown skin flushing, swelling, with the development of the disease, in succession in the hoof crown, heel, hoof fork, oral lip, gingiva, tongue, mouth, nose, nose tip and breast nipple and other parts of one or more similar to soybean blisters.
The blister is turbid and forms bright red rotten spot after rupture, and a layer of light yellow exudate is exuded on the surface. Yellow scab formed after drying. If there is no secondary infection, the scab can be cured in about a week. When secondary bacterial infection occurs, the course of disease is complicated.
When it is serious, it causes the hoof shell to fall off, the hoof does not dare to land on the ground, and the sick pig can not get up by kneeling or lying on the ground, resulting in loss of appetite.
The disease is generally a benign process. The fattening pigs can recover within 10-15 days after blister. If secondary bacterial infection occurs, septicemia and myocarditis may lead to death;
However, the appearance symptoms of newborn piglets and suckling piglets were not obvious. They usually presented acute gastroenteritis, diarrhea and myocarditis. The course of disease was very short, spasm, howling and sudden death occurred. The mortality rate was 60-80%, and some even reached 100%;
Severe infection of pregnant sows can also cause abortion and stillbirth
differential diagnosis
According to the epidemiology, clinical symptoms and pathological changes of the disease, a preliminary diagnosis can be made. However, because the clinical symptoms of FMD are very similar to those of swine blister disease, vesicular stomatitis and water blister, it is necessary to carry out laboratory diagnosis to confirm the diagnosis.
Prevention and control measures
The general principle of FMD prevention and control is to do a good job of vaccination.
It is suggested that the imported adjuvant should be used, and the vaccine should be given enough dose and once every three weeks after the first immunization.
For the pigs in the epidemic area and threatened area, the emergency immunization program should be adopted, that is, the pigs of all ages should be vaccinated with foot-and-mouth disease vaccine (the same type of vaccine as the local epidemic strain) should be vaccinated urgently. Three weeks after the first vaccination, pigs of all ages should be vaccinated once more.
Strict disinfection can cut off the transmission route of the disease, and it is also an effective way to kill or eliminate the pathogens living in and outside the pig farm and pig surface. Compound aldehydes, iodine preparations, chlorine preparations, peroxides and other disinfectants can be used to disinfect the environment of pig farms. Some netizens share that vinegar fumigation disinfection effect is good.
The main measures to control and exterminate foot-and-mouth disease include blocking the epidemic area, killing the infected animals and susceptible animals in the same group, and carrying out harmless treatment.
Article source (pig farm power network)
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